Technology is Taking Over and Replacing Humans Essays

The robots are taking over and planning to destroy humanity as it currently stands. They’re smarter, faster, and stronger making them superior to humans in every way. Because humans were too lazy and put all their faith in technology it was easy for the machines to rise up and take over. Soon all of humanity will be enslaved by robots and computers. This is the plot for thousands of science fiction movies and novels in which humans make computer, personal robots servants, and other technology that are so advanced and make life easier that in the end humankind has lost most of its intellect and physical abilities dooming the world to a fate that has inspired many armageddon theories. In the early 1960’s the world was introduced to the†¦show more content†¦Since the invention of the abacus humanity has always craved and crated new items and technological machines to help in its theory, practice, and understanding of math. These advancements in technology made ca lculators one of the great inventions in helping ordinary people solve complex mathematical equations. However this step forward in technology made humans take a step back. Calculator decrease human beings math skill such as doing simple math by just using one’s own mind, being able to do math by hand, and learning how to do math. Since the introductions of using calculators in schools the lack of students that have the ability to do simple math without a calculator scares teachers and puts stress on students when they can’t use one. â€Å"In the mid 1980’s mathematic calculators began to make a grand appearance in schools† (Lee). This was seen as very positive but two decades later the negative effects are being felt. When mathematical calculators were introduced teachers, students, and people in general all saw great potential. However as years progressed many people began to use only calculators even when solving simple math. The educational system rat ionalized the use of calculators in schools by saying that most teachers and students where â€Å"just using calculators to check answers† (Lee). At first using calculators to check answers sounds good. But doing thisShow MoreRelatedManagement Alternatives For Replacing Human Workforce Essay1511 Words   |  7 PagesManagement Alternatives to Replacing Human Workforce Management Alternatives to Replacing Human Workforce Uta Batts Fayetteville Technical Community College BUS 137 0001 FA Principles of Management Prof. Ray Walters November 14, 2016 Management Alternatives to Replacing Human Workforce Abstract In today’s workforce, there is a silent fear lurking amongst blue and white collar workers alike. There is a worldwide threat of machines beating people out of jobs that many have invested timeRead MoreMovie Analysis : Robocop Directed By Jose Padilha1435 Words   |  6 Pagesperson’s car, stealing money, and extortion. One of the most famous tragedies is the race riot that took place in Los Angeles in 1992 in response to the brutal beating of Rodney King by police. Even recently police officers have stirred controversy over the murder of unarmed black men such as Michael Brown and Eric Garner. This may be due to the exploitation of the â€Å"common-law fleeing-felon rule† which states that â€Å"police may kill any felony suspect if that is the only means available to apprehendRead MoreBenefits Of A Robotic Aid Surgery At East Carolina University s Hospital Of Medicine1162 Words   |  5 Pagesfound that by using robots to aid them in surgeries and other trea tments, it is more efficient and safer for the patient. As we continue to incorporate artificial life into medical treatments, we will move into the era of robots replacing doctors all together, and human to human interaction in hospitals and doctors offices will be lost. Robotic-aid surgeries have been around since the 1980’s; they first started aiding doctors in orthopedic and neurosurgery. The success of these robots encouraged otherRead MoreRobots Are Becoming More Like Human1104 Words   |  5 Pageswill replace human workers in the world s factories at a faster pace over the next decade, pushing labor costs down 16 percent† (Wiseman), so robots will become a good choice for companies that want to make money and save time. On the other hand, robots are becoming more like human; everything on those machines is becoming more complicated and more sophisticated. The robots are going to be able to understand human emotions, so that it become able to deal with it this feelings as human usually do(Smith)Read MoreRobots Are Evolving Into Humans1311 Words   |  6 Pages6/29/2015 Robots Are Evolving into Humans Artificial intelligent, a phenomenal human creation, which will soon replace humans in near future. Day by day, robots are getting smarter and better at learning human interactions, emotions, and feelings. Robots are going to take over the world by invading every aspect of people’s lives. A collection of robot softwares and applications will help increase productivity and improve the quality of people’s lives through human-robot collaboration. As SherryRead MoreTechnology Is Transforming Us Economy1717 Words   |  7 PagesTechnology is Transforming the U.S economy A Review of the Literature Over the past decades, technology, social and economic changes have revolutionized the structure of the American community. Every day the technology is changing, new inventions and new knowledge are developing. The transformation that is happening is changing the life of many families in the United States. These changes are for a better future. However, the cost is that many institutions and business are being left behind. PeopleRead MoreTechnology: Can We Live Without It1602 Words   |  7 Pageslatest hit song as their messaging tone. Technology has come a long way over the past twenty years. The Internet and technology have advanced tremendously and with cell phones turning into â€Å"smartphones.† It seems people today just have it made with the world at their fingertips. The question arises: are people really using technology and the new advances that come along almost everyday the right way? Also, what kind of impact does technology had on human nature? Is it for the b etter or can it leadRead MoreAnalysis Of Thomas Friedman And Wendell Berrys The World Is Flat1224 Words   |  5 Pagesfavorable side towards the advancement of technology. In Thomas Friedmans The World is Flat, he discusses the favorable aspects of technology, and how the advancement of technology is making our world â€Å"flatter.† Friedman is not opposed to this change and is in fact impressed with the new era we have entered into, as well as the positive aspects of technology. On the other hand, Wendell Berry’s Why I am Not Going to Buy a Computer shows the other side of technology, and would not agree with many of theRead MoreThe Effects Of Melting Glaciers On Canada s Coastline Essay1616 Words   |  7 Pages1.0 INTRODUCTION This problem could mark either the end of human civilizations or mark the beginning of the next era of human development. It would decide on our species survival, whether there will be another mass extinction like the one 65 million years ago. The question is â€Å"How might the breaking up and melting of continental ice in Greenland and the Antarctic affect Canada’s coastline?†. In the following sections, we have gathered an abundance of information from a variety of sources from whichRead MoreHow Technology Is Causing The Decline Of Morality1158 Words   |  5 Pagesyear, machines and the technology that builds them are advancing at an irreversible rate that we cannot control. It is speculated that we will reach singularity during the 21st century, and with advances like cloning, society’s morality begins to be questioned. The film Blade Runner and short story â€Å"Margin of Error† bring up questions of morality related to technology, and I will use t hese works as reference to strengthen my arguments. The continuous evolution of technology is causing the decline

Slave Experience - 1291 Words

Examination Of The Slave Experience Examination of the Slave Experience Most African Americans of the early to mid-nineteenth century experienced slavery on plantations similar to the experiences described by Frederick Douglass; the majority of slaves lived on units owned by planters who had twenty or more slaves. The planters and the white masters of these agrarian communities sought to ensure their personal safety and the profitability of their enterprises by using all the tactics-physical and psychological-at their command to make slaves obedient. Even Christianity was manipulated in a way that masters communicated to their slaves that God had commanded them to obey their masters. Hence, by word and deed whites tried to convince†¦show more content†¦For Frederick Douglass and all other slaves, the singing of songs and religion were more of an affirmation of the joy in life rather than a rejection of worldly pleasures and temptations. They spoke out against the perils of bondage and asserted their right to b e free. Despite the success of African Americans to develop a subculture, which afforded them an escape from their hardcore reality, pain and struggle persisted. There are many similarities, which can be drawn from the experiences of slavery as described by Frederick Douglass and the analogy to a Nazi prison camp included in the Stanley Elkins Thesis. Elkins asserted that slavery in the United States was similar to the conditions of a Nazi concentration camp because both exerted total physical and psychological control over its subordinates. In both cases, the subordinates were not allowed any personal freedoms, which included education, leisure, or any other personal allowance. Thomas Auld, the master of Frederick Douglass in Baltimore, said A nigger should know nothing but to obey his master-to do as he is told to do. (pg. 57) He was referring to the wrongfulness of his wife s attempt to educate Frederick Douglass. Implicitly, this was the view held by most whites toward African A mericans. Consequently, other adjectives such as: lazy, irresponsible, childlike, and simple-minded, were used by whites to describe the African AmericanShow MoreRelatedJacobs Douglass: An Insight Into The Experience of The American Slave1019 Words   |  5 PagesThe slave narratives of the ante-bellum time period have come across numerous types of themes. Much of the work concentrates on the underlining ideas beneath the stories. In the narratives, fugitives and ex-slaves appealed to the humanity they shared with their readers during these times, men being lynched and marked all over and women being the subject of grueling rapes. The slave narrative of Frederick Douglas and Harriet Jacobs: Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl themes come from the existenceRead More12 Years A Slave : An Accurate And Verifiable Account Of The Common Slave Experience Essay1633 Words   |  7 PagesMarilyn Montemayor Dr. Wallace U.S. History 2111 November 23, 2015 12 Years a Slave The film 12 Years is an accurate and verifiable account of the common slave experience in the United States in the antebellum South. 12 Years a Slave is set in the mid to late 1800s and tells a true life story of the life of Solomon Northup a free Black man sold south into slavery. He was the son of an emancipated slave. Northup was from upstate New York, and was kidnapped and sold into slavery in the South. NorthupRead MoreExperiences Of Slaves During The American Civil War1528 Words   |  7 PagesExperiences of Slaves in America How did the experiences of slaves change from the 1600s to the end of the American Civil War and does it exist today? Introduction: The 1600s were full of events that helped make America what it is today. 1619 was the beginning of a revolutionary time still known as the Reconstruction period. Africans were shipped over to a country they had never been to before, and basically told how to live their lives under the enforcement of American farmers. Some thought thatRead MoreDifferences Between Male And Female Slave Experience1492 Words   |  6 Pagesdifference between male and female slave experience ---reading review of Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl and a True Tale of Slavery ï  ¶ Based on the writing of Harriet and John Jacobs, compare and contrast the experiences of male and female slaves. ïÆ'Ëœ Similaritiesï ¼Å¡ Harriet and John Jacobs described the arduous journey from slave society to liberty society. The first similarity is that both of the novels are written by Negro slave. They described the cruel experience in southern plantation and escapeRead MoreThe Personal Experience of Slaves in The Slave Narrative by Frederick Douglass and the Similarities of Ideas in Self-Reliance by Emerson1300 Words   |  6 Pagesaround most of the places in America. Frederick Douglass describes slavery according to ante-bellum African American in his â€Å"The Slave Narrative†. It is focused on the slave’s personal experiences who had fled from slavery and sheltered for safety in the northern states. Douglass is successful in describing his sufferings and pain in first person narrative, when he was a slave, in a very realistic and depicting manner. Emerson however has his key work on individuality by emphasizing the significanceRead MoreThe Wartime Experiences of the Revolution and Its Effects on Women Slaves and Natives619 Words   |  2 PagesDescribe and analyze the wartime exper iences of the Revolution and the effects on women, slaves, and natives. Although the American Revolution is often presented as an uncomplicated success story and the triumph of freedom and liberty, for women, slaves, and Native Americans, this was far from the case. During the American Revolution, women were strong supporters of revolutionary activity in many capacities. Women worked as seamstresses, nurses, and even as spies (Faragher et al 2009: 159). WomenRead MoreHarriet Jacobs Experiences in Slavery in the Autobiographical Life of a Slave Girl527 Words   |  2 PagesIn the 1800’s, slaves and slave-holders had relationships that ranged anywhere from the highest at having the closest friend to the lowest at being master and pet. No matter the relationship all of these slaves held by people during this time all deserved their chance at freedom just like any slave-holder that owned them. Harriet Jacobs, writer of the autobiography Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl, experiences slavery in a way that hundreds of others could have experienced. Although others mayRead MoreThe Slave s Body And Mind Essay1942 Words   |  8 Pages___________________________, herein known as the slave, hereby grant you, __________________________, herein known as the master, full ownership, care and use of both the slave s body and mind as of dated September 21, 2016 AD, at ____:____ am _____, until effective until September 21, 2020 AD, at ____:____ am _____. This period of time will herein be known as the enslavement term. The slave will obey the master at all times andRead MoreAnne Hutchingson and Freeborn Garrettson1207 Words   |  5 Pagessoul.† After discussion with authorities, John Winthrop concluded that â€Å"†¦this is the thing that hath been the root of all the mischief.† She was found guilty and banished from the colony. In 1775, Freeborn Garrettson had a similar mystical experience. â€Å"In the night I went to bed as usual, and slept till day break: just as I awoke, I was alarmed by an awful voice, ‘Awake, sinner, for you are not prepared to die.’ This was strongly impressed on my mind, as if it had been a human voice as loudRead MoreAnalysis Of Robert Nozick s Experience Machine2339 Words   |  10 Pagesstepping out of Robert Nozick’s experience machine. While in this device, wires are connected to an individual’s brain which triggers pleasure while their body is being nourished in a giant reservoir. This unique machine allows one to fulfill his/her appetite of all desires no matter how insane or simple, existing only in his/her mind. Of course this machine doesn’t actually exist, but it represents a perfect example of what life would be like if we could experience all of the pleasures we could possibly

Network Security and Firewall Technology †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Network Security and Firewall Technology. Answer: Introduction: In this article, Sheng, HuiShan, and Xuekui (2016) propose a structural representation for virus concealment depending on cloud computing technology. The author analyzes the conventional virus exposure techniques which cant efficiently destroy the new kind of viruses and malevolent software like Trojans, worms, etc. They pertained a novel distributed CFO algorithm, PIF algorithm, and maximum independent set algorithm in cloud computing for effectively exposing and describing the restrictive prompt characteristic of virus and malware. The article would be useful to network users as it provides discussions on the invariable characteristic analysis technique depending on cloud computing and enhancement in the virus and malware exposure proportion when contrasted with the distinct computer system. The main limitation of the article is the synchronization drawback of each and every virtual machine connection. In this article, Ahmed and Nader (2016) exploited the fuzzy logic m-file in Mat lab for the defence assessment of wireless networks. After studying the existing algorithms, the author proposed a new fusion system procedure for wireless network security. They executed a relative study in between the symmetric algorithms DES, AES, and 3DES. They also assessed the conventional procedure, novel algorithm, clock cipher algorithm, and recommended algorithm in order to emphasize the safety point of proposed algorithm. In this article, it is proved that the hybrid model is very complicated than the traditional procedure for safety and elevated accomplishment in the wireless network. The main limitation of the article is that the network security is limited based on the proposed algorithm in the network valuation. In this article, Lily Dong and Yuanzhen Peng (2012) have taken the firewall technology as the main network security technique. Since the authors discovered in practical that already prevailing firewall technology rallies the present network security requirement with some complexity. This article is based on the authors concrete awareness on firewall technology methodologies and firewall categorization. In this article, the authors converses the restrictions of the firewall itself since it does not go through firewalls attachment, if it is secured in the network system by means of SLIP and PPP precisely with the Internet coupled interior user, will then leads to a concealed risk. The firewall technology used in this article assures that the safety of the network is enough in a definite network progress situation and performs according to the insisted objective to implement the equivalent security procedure. In this article, Saudi, Faizal, Selamat, Fadhlee, and Ramzi (2017) have discussed the most emerging threat Botnet which aims most of the clients network of computers. Many experiments are carried out on the botnets and methods to spot the botnets in network traffic. In this article, the authors selected a noteworth characteristic for boosting the exactness of botnet concealment. Existing experiments aims only on the botnet detection techniques and do not expose the objective apart from the choice. In this paper, the authors disclose the manipulating ability in botnet exposure by utilizing arithmetical methodology. The experimental output received by the authors exhibits about 91% precision that is almost tolerable for employing the influence aspect in exposing botnet movement. In this paper, Lekha and Ganapathi proposed a hybrid invasion recognition procedure for finding the damage in the traffic pattern of network. The authors incorporated misuse detection in which the network traffic pattern is divided into known and unknown threat and anomaly detection models. In this article, the incorporated anomaly detection model divides the not identified threat as normal data set and unknown threat for enhancing the accomplishment of usual traffic activity. The author carried out the research by making use of NSL KDD dataset and the accomplishment of the new method is contrasted with the conventional finding methods through training period, analysis time, detection percentage, and false positive ratio. The limitation of the paper is that it detects only 52% percentage of the unknown threats. References: Sheng,Z., HuiShan,H., XueKui, S. (2016). Research on Computer Network Virus Defense Technology in Cloud Technology Environment. International Journal of Security and Its Applications, 10(3), 449-460. Ahmed, S., Nader, M. (2016). New Algorithm for Wireless Network Communication Security. International Journal on Cryptography and Information Security, 6(4), 11-19. Dong, L., Peng, Y. (2012). Network Security and Firewall Technology. International Conference on Computer and Electrical Engineering, 53(2), 35-60. Saudi, M., Faizal, M.A., Selamat, S.R., Fadhlee, M.D., Ramzi, W.Y (2017). Revealing the future influence in HTTP Botnet Detection. International Journal of Communication networks and information security, 9(2), 50-70. Lekha, J., Ganapathi, P. (2017). Detection of illegal traffic pattern using Hybrid Improved CART and Multiple Extreme Learning Machine Approach. International Journal of communication networks and information security, 9(2), 40-65.

Metallica Dominating the World and Getting Liquored Up free essay sample

World and Getting Liquored Up If you came here to see spandex and big hair, this anti your band, Mentalists war cry throughout the early eighties. While the rest of the hard rock bands wanted to get rich and a lot of women, Metallic, as in the words of former lead guitarist Dave Mustache, Our hole existence pretty much was guitar, dominating the world and getting liquored up. During the late sass and early sass, there was a new wave a British Heavy Metal entering the cassette and 8-track decks of people everywhere.Over in Denmark, current Metallic drummer Lars Lurch, was a hug fan of this type f music. So obsessed with this music, Lars Lurch wanted to start a heavy metal band A band that he could play his favorite songs with. On the other side of the globe, James Hatfield, Mentalists current rhythm guitarist and lead singer, was looking to start a band of his own. We will write a custom essay sample on Metallica: Dominating the World and Getting Liquored Up or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page His current roommate had taught him how to play guitar and James was very motivated to get something started. In effect, James had put a listing In a worldwide music magazine, The Recycle under H for Heavy Metal. James and Lars, were the only ones listed, so it was obvious that the two should talk to each other. In the fall of 1981, the band Metallic was formed. Playing drums was Lars Lurch, on bass guitar was Ron McGovern, playing lead guitar was Dave Mustache, and rhythm guitar and lead vocalist was James Hatfield. During the song writing process over the next few months, the band became very addicted to Alcohol. When drunk, Dave Unstained would get very violent, while the rest of the band would get happy. Happy and Violent people Just dont mix. Ron McGovern could not handle the situation with Dave, and so he left the band. Lars, James, and Dave then went around to local clubs to check out bassists from other bands. At one club, they found Cliff Burton playing with a band called Trauma. Cliff Burton was a technical engineer and could do certain things on a bass that would make it sound like noises from a guitar. After the show that night, Lars, James, and Dave confronted Cliff asking him to Join Metallic. Cliff said he would Join, only if the band relocated from Los Angels to San Francisco. In Los Angels, Metallic recorded their first demo tape entitled No Life till Leather.This tape was quickly distributed across the country and landed In the hands of John and Marsha Azalea. John and Marsha waned a record store In New Jersey called Rock N Roll Heaven. Quickly, John and Marsha got in touch with Metallic and asked them to drive to Queens, New York, expenses paid, to talk about a record contract. After arriving in Queens, James Hatfield and Lars Lurch announced to John Azalea that they were kicking Dave Mustache out of the band next week. Within the next week of this meeting, Metallic kicked Dave Mustache out of the band.In exchange, they offered Kirk Hammer, former Exodus lead guitarist, a job in the band. The same day that Dave Unstained was kicked out of the band, Kirk Hammer flew in by plane to try out for the band. A week after Kirk Hammer entered Metallic, they began to record their first album, Kill Chem. All. The album was released In the fall of 1 983 on Mega Force Records. At first, people had no idea of how to act when they heard Metallic. To help promote the album, 1 OFF Early in 1984, Electra Records offered Metallic a record contract. Obviously, with a little bit of greed backing them up, Metallic signed the contracts with Electra.Later that year, they released Ride The Lightning. From word of mouth, people everywhere bought the album. Two years later, Metallic released Master Of Puppets in 1986. This album sold over a million copies without the benefit of a music died or any radio promotion. To help promote this album, Metallic toured for 6 months with Oozy Suborned. This tour would be Mentalists last time as a support act. Near the end of the tour, Metallic was making a few detours between Stockholm and Copenhagen to do some concert apart from the Oozy tour.On September 27, 1986, early in the morning, Mentalists tour bus slipped on some black ice and toppled over. Every person on the bus escaped from the bus, except Cliff. The bus had fell on top of him. A truck had arrived to lift the bus up with a crane T that point no one knew if Cliff was dead yet because the bus slipped back down on top of him. Cliff Burton died that night, at 2 a. M. (Rest In Peace) Within a month, Metallic Nas already auditioning for a new bassist. James Hatfield comments, Cliff would be passed if Metallic didnt go on.Auditioning for a new bassist was, in the word of Jason Newsstand, Cold. A bassist would come in for only a few minutes and would be sent out right afterwards. Metallic ended up with Jason Newsstand as their new bassist. To welcome in their new bassist, Metallic released Garage Days Re- Revisited (AKA: The 5. 98 LOP, the 9. 8 CD, or The 5. 98 -rape) the summer of 1987. In 1988, Metallic released there first real album with Jason Newsstand, And lustier For All. This album had been written with corrupt government in mind and guitar and bass writs that Cliff Burton had written before he died. This album went double platinum in record setting times. The album included the song ONE, based on the novel Johnny Got His Gun, written by Dalton Trombone. In 1989, Metallic released their first ever music video for this song. He music video has clips from the movie, Johnny Got His Gun, released in 1971 and directed by Dalton Trombone. In 991, Metallic released there 6th album, simply entitled Metallic. (AKA The Black Album and Black Edition) This album is often referred as Mentalists break-through album, drawing over 5 million sales.The band then decided to cut the songs in half, and release two separate albums. Between the Lune of 1996, Metallic released their seventh album, Load. Upon its release, fans and media were shocked to find the CD with a cover containing a picture of blood and semen, and the back cover showing the band with their hair cut,wearing Cuban pimp suits and smoking cigars. The album went Triple Platinum and the band went off touring. Before the release of Load, Metallic made a stop at Matss Unplugged, the Alice In Chains session. In the words of Jerry Central, They were GO looking. In their defense, Metallic claims its about the music, not the length of out hair. After a year of touring, Metallic put some finishing touches on the left-over songs from the last album, and released their 8th album Reload in November of 1997. This album, also went triple platinum. The fans and the media were calmed down by this time about the New Metallic, and werent as shocked about this album. This album showed a picture of a pregnant womens baby, still in the stomach, and a picture of the band rocking out on the back.Metallic, then went sack on tour, but couldnt resist having a free concert somewhere in America for the fans. Metallic was originally started on the interest of playing cover tunes. Since Metallic ever started doing concert, they have been playing these covers. The cover songs are mostly from the bands that were in that New Form of British Heavy Metal. Such bands as Motor Breath, and Diamond Head. When Metallic released Garage Days Re-Revisited, it contained nothing but cover songs. In commemoration of that album, Metallic, in October of 1998, released a 2-CD set, containing nothing but cover songs, entitled Garage Inc.One song in particular, Turn the Page, written by bib Sugar, was placed on this album. James Hatfield states, When I first heard this song, the lyrics spoke to me and I realized that this song was written for me, written for Metallic. The Video released for this song showed a story of a prostitute trying to support and provide a normal life for herself and her daughter, accompanied by the song in the back-ground. Since the start of Metallic, the members have always been about the fans, and for the fans. The members of Metallic consider themselves to be four lucky fans who got together in a garage.

Societal Marketing Essays

Societal Marketing Essays Societal Marketing Essay Societal Marketing Essay Societal marketing based on ethics, honesty, trust, reciprocal relationship with the community and secondary focus on profitability is the pivot in the field of business which will influence uplifting changes in the interest of the organization as well as change the character of the nation. It is the need of the time, when the impact of industrialization, cut throat competition and materialism is at its peak. Societal marketing emerged in the early 1970s, promising a more socially responsible and ethical model for marketing. (2007)â€Å"The societal marketing concept holds that the organization’s task is to determine the needs, wants, and interests of target markets and to deliver the desired satisfactions more effectively and efficiently than competitors, in a way that preserves or enhances the consumers and the societys well-being†. (Kotler, Philip. Marketing management: analysis, planning, implementation and control 8th ed. Prentice-Hall, 1994) ( Webber, 2001)Globali zation and International investment on the rise, the premier business publication Forbes magazine undertook the responsibility of evaluating the world trend in investment and marketing on some sound ground rules which would govern their role in the arena of international player in the world market. â€Å"It sought out many of the worlds top institutions of sociological and economic theory, gathered the results of surveys, statistical studies, and socio-economic data on each of the 135 countries in its index, assigning relative per cent-rankings for each of the chambers largely qualitative principles. The magazine then aggregated scores across 10 separate categories to develop the first Forbes Capital Hospitality Index (FCHI). The Forbes Capital Hospitality Index measures macroeconomic indicators like GDP growth and international trade, along with societal factors affecting investment, including poverty, bureaucracy, technological advancement, and corruption.† (Ravindran, 2006 )Bankers will remember 2006 as the year a new king was crowned: Bank of America, once a scrappy North Carolina regional, replaced Citigroup as the nations most profitable bank. Today BofA (nyse: BAC news people ) earns the most per quarter and is first in deposits, credit and debit card transactions, small business banking, Internet banking and, with the recent acquisition of US Trust from Charles Schwab (nasdaq: SCHW news people ), private banking as well. But Bank of America continues to grow like a small bank: Analysts expect earnings to rise 9% a year for the next five years, and it earns a healthy 17% return on equity and 1.4% on assets. BofA hasnt gotten sloppy, either.Under Lewis the net margin has increased from 13% in 2001 to 18%. Shareholders have seen a 26% return over the past 12 months. Theres empirical evidence that we changed for the better, he says, and our customers saw it.The banking environment is hitting a rough patch- rising short-term rates and loan default s will hurt interest income- but Bank of America isnt big into mortgages (not yet), and its huge retail business means steady profits from fees. Lewis says hell focus next on small business, premier-level banking and capital markets in Asia and Europe. The analysts say hell also go after mortgages, and, apparently, retail brokering. The bank recently started giving away stock trades for free for qualifying customers. ( Beller , 2006)Social marketing can be used in public health campaigns (e.g., to reduce smoking and alcoholism, safe sex, and increasing physical fitness), environmental campaigns (e.g., fighting pollution, promoting recycling, saving water and power), education campaigns (to encourage literacy), and the protection of individual/group rights (e.g., racial and gender equality, gay and lesbian rights). (Kindra Stapenburs, 1998)Societal marketing based on ethical and philanthropic principle can achieve this dynamic change within a society, community and a country by rais ing the awareness of the citizens about the costs of the corruption to the country, addressing the concern about institutions within a country, increasing understanding regarding the factors of corruption within public behavior.The premier business publication said: As access to capital markets around the world becomes commonplace for individual investors and multinational institutions alike, the race is on for countries to attract the foreign investment capital needed to fuel the engines of growth at home. Addressing this need for a one-stop reference, Forbes began with a list of principles employed by the US Chamber of Commerce when considering international investments. FORBES has listed Denmark, Finland, Iceland, the US, the UK, Singapore, Australia, Estonia, Ireland, and New Zealand as the top 10 countries in the world in terms of capital hospitality. (Ravindran, 2006);

Determination of Chlorine and Iodine in Water Essays

Determination of Chlorine and Iodine in Water Essays Determination of Chlorine and Iodine in Water Essay Determination of Chlorine and Iodine in Water Essay I. Introduction The intent of this research lab was to find the sum of Cl and I in a sample of H2O by titration utilizing a amylum index and to standardise a Na thiosulfate solution. Chlorine is added to municipal H2O supplies to sublimate it plenty to go safe to imbibe. Iodine is besides added to H2O when people camp or go boosting in the back state where they can non convey purified H2O along. Chlorine and I are added to kill micro-organisms in H2O. Oxidation reactions occurred in this experiment. The Chlorine was oxidized because it lost negatrons in the reaction. The I was reduced because it gained negatrons. The solutions turned a xanthous colour because of the I which disappears one time all of the I has reacted in the titration. Sodium thiosulfate was the titrant in the procedure of titration. It was added to respond with the I in the solution. Starch was added to give the solution a bluish colour near the end point of the titration. Potassium iodate ( KIO? ) was used to standardise the Na thiosulfate solution. Practical applications would include proving unknown samples of H2O and municipal H2O supplies for the concentration of chlorine nowadays because excessively much can do wellness jobs and non taste good. Not plenty added. wouldn’t kill the micro-organisms in the H2O to do it safe to imbibe. II. Procedure First the standardisation of Sodium Thiosulfate was completed. A 50mL buret was obtained and rinsed twice with the Na thiosulfate solution. It was so filled with the solution. The tip of the buret was checked to do certain there weren’t any bubbles in it. Then a 250mL beaker was obtained. A 25mL pipette was used to add precisely 25mL of the KIO? solution. Then 50mL of deionized H2O and about. 25g of solid KI was added. The solution was stirred until the solid was wholly dissolved. 2mL of glacial acetic acid was so added. Then. the beaker was placed under the buret and was swirled as the Na thiosulfate was added. The buret was slowed as the colour became lighter. When the colour was about gone. 1mL of the amylum solution was added to turn the solution blue. Then it was easy titrated until the colour disappeared. The concluding volume of the solution in the buret was recorded and the sum of titrant was calculated. This titration was repeated two more times to standardise the con centration of the thiosulfate. Then the concentration of Chlorine in Tap H2O was found. It was repeated the about precisely the same manner as earlier. The buret was filled with the Na thiosulfate solution and the initial value was recorded. Then a 50mL calibrated cylinder was rinsed with tap H2O two to three times. The calibrated cylinder was so filled with cold pat H2O. It was so poured into a clean beaker and. 25g of KI and 2mL glacial acetic acid were added and stirred until the solid was dissolved. Then the solution was titrated. 1mL of amylum was added so the yellow colour about disappeared. It was so titrated easy until the bluish colour disappeared. The concluding volume was recorded and the volume of titrant used was determined. This was repeated two more times. Then the concentration of I was determined in the I purified H2O. The buret was refilled and the initial volume was recorded. Then the 50mL graduated cylinder was rinsed with the iodine solution. 50mL of the iodine solution was so obtained and poured into a clean beaker. Then. 25g of KI and 2mL of acetic acid were added and the solution was stirred until it was dissolved. Then it was titrated until the xanthous colour about disappeared. 1mL of amylum was so added and the solution was titrated easy until the bluish colour disappeared. The concluding volume was recorded and the volume of titrant used was so determined. This was repeated two more times. Then everything was cleaned and put away. III. Data and Results Table 1: Standardization of Sodium Thiosulfate Solution | Initial Buret Volume ( milliliter ) | Concluding Buret Volume ( milliliter ) | Volume Used ( milliliter ) | 1st Standardization| 50| 25. 64| 24. 36| 2nd Standardization| 50| 25. 99| 24. 01| 3rd Standardization| 50| 26. 21| 23. 79| Table 2: Titration of Tap Water | Initial Buret Volume ( milliliter ) | Concluding Buret Volume ( milliliter ) | Volume Used ( milliliter ) | 1st Titration| 50| 48. 29| 1. 17| 2nd Titration| 50| 48. 25| 1. 75| 3rd Titration| 50| 48. 20| 1. 80| Table 3: Titration of Iodine Solution | Initial Buret Volume ( milliliter ) | Concluding Buret Volume ( milliliter ) | Volume Used ( milliliter ) | 1st Titration| 50| 45. 61| 4. 39| 2nd Titration| 50| 45. 59| 4. 41| 3rd Titration| 50| 45. 60| 4. 40| Table 4: Average Concentrations | Molarity ( moles/Liter ) | Sodium Thiosulfate Solution| 1. 06?10?| Chlorine in Tap Water| 1. 86?10?| Iodine in Solution| 4. 66?10?| Sample Calculation- Concentration of Chlorine ( 1. 06?10? ) * ( 0. 00175L ) =1. 86?10? moles thiosulfate ( 1. 86?10?mol thiosulfate ) * ( 1 mol Cl/2 mol thiosulfate ) =9. 28?10? mol Cl ( 9. 28?10?mol Cl ) / . 05L=1. 86?10? moles Cl/Liter In the first standardisation of the Na thiosulfate solution. 24. 36mL of the titrant was used. 24. 01mL and 23. 79mL were used for the 2nd and 3rd standardisations. With the concentration of the Na thiosulfate solution divided the mean volume of those gave the mean thiosulfate concentration which was 1. 06?10? moles per litre. For the titration of tap H2O. an norm of 1. 75mL of the Na thiosulfate solution was used. After the computations. the concentration of Cl in tap H2O was 1. 86?10? moles of Cl per litre. The norm of the titrations of the iodine solution was 4. 40mL of titrant used. After the computations. 4. 66?10? moles of I were present per litre. Some utile observations were conducted. The I in the solution made it turn a xanthous colour when the glacial acetic acid was added. It started to vanish as the I was responding with the titrant. When the amylum solution was added. the solution turned bluish. As the end point neared. the bluish colour started to disperse. When the end point was reached. the solution was clear with no colour left in the solution. Beginnings of mistake could include adding excessively much titrant from the buret into the solution. IV. Decision The intent of this lab was to place the concentration of Cl and I in different samples of H2O. The consequences fulfilled the intent of this lab because the concentrations of Cl and I were found. The concentration of Cl in the tap H2O was 1. 86?10? moles of Cl per litre. The molar concentration of I in the iodine H2O solution was 4. 66 x10? moles per litre. The concentration of I was significantly higher than the sum of Cl in tap H2O. There was more I in the H2O because of the solid KI being added to the solution. Tap H2O contains little sums of Cl because that’s all that is needed to kill the micro-organisms populating in the H2O that are harmful to people. The consequences that were obtained were unexpected because there wasn’t a standard value to travel off of. The per centum mistake wasn’t able to be obtained. Possible beginnings of mistake would include adding excessively much of the titrant to the solution. This would impact the consequences by holding more than adequate titrant used. This would impact the concentration values and do them higher than they truly were. Chemical constructs used were titrations. When the Iodide ions. from the K iodide. react with the Cl in the tap H2O. chloride ions and I? were formed. Then the I? was titrated with the Na thiosulfate solution which created the iodide ions. Before the end point of the titration. the amylum was added. Once all of the I reacted with the thiosulfate. the bluish colour disappeared because the end point was reached and the iodide ions were formed. Besides the standardisation of the Na thiosulfate solution was performed. When the K iodate reacted with the solid KI and the acetic acid. it created I? and H2O. The I? was titrated and formed with the thiosulfate and created iodide ions besides. The concentration of the thiosulfate was 1. 06?10? moles per litre. That consequence was expected because it should hold been about. 001 M and it was. 00106 M.

Thatcherism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Thatcherism - Essay Example Thatcherism has been rooted in the individualist views of 19th and 20th century British political parties. However from a contemporary viewpoint, Thatcherism has been famously associated with opposition to join the European Union, which according to some was aimed at eroding Britain's sovereignty. In a famous Bruges Speech, 1988 Thatcher stated, '"We have not successfully rolled back the frontiers of the state in Britain, only to see them re-imposed at a European level, with a European super state exercising a new dominance from Brussels." (Bruges Speech from BBC, 2000). This would clearly indicate the perceived threats of joining the European Union completely which in turn led to Britain emphasizing on its own border controls and heightened sovereignty. Post war effects of Thatcherism have been clearly perceived within British politics and some elements of Thatcherism such as controlling public expenditure and promoting personal achievements have also been incorporated in the policy approach of New Labour government from 1997. However unlike Thatcherism, the Blair government has put greater emphasis on social justice and has focused on promoting social inclusion of the excluded groups and classes. It is important to understand the impact of Thatcherism th... tors as British gas, British telecom and British steel along with curbing powers of the trade unions and local government, promoting individual achievements and private enterprises and also strengthening powers of the central government (BBC, 2006). The focus was to bring in higher consumerism and increase levels of private investments. Public expenditure was cut down and monitored and the local governments faced severe restrictions with rate capping and poll tax in 1989. With loss of support from unions and controversies over poll tax, Thatcher had to leave although this was followed by a period of economic recession and high unemployment and also divisions in society. As Thatcherism encouraged privatisation with gas, steel and telecommunications services, private ownership was also given to providers of health care services. This increased privatisation however led to widening of the rich poor gap and increased divisions in society. Clarke (1999) examined Thatcherism and considered the strengths and weaknesses of the political outlook highlighting the unique financial strategy and monetarist economic policy of the Conservative government. Clarke points out that even if Thatcher's economic policies were uncertain in theory and practice; they were ideologically applicable in terms of methods and objectives. Clarke highlighted the personal dimension of Thatcherism arguing that the rise and fall of Thatcherism could be reduced to definite personal attributes of Thatcher in terms of leadership and control. This however may not be completely true as Thatcher's policies on privatisation and controlling of local governments and trade unions could have bee n the main reason for the unpopularity of Thatcherism during the late 1980s. In this regard, Heath et al (2001)

Ip2 team and leadership Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ip2 team and leadership - Research Paper Example Based on such a perspective, this paper develops a training guide by analyzing how different aspects affect management and leadership. A number of factors affect leadership and its effectiveness. Such aspects include personalities, values, attitudes, cognitive differences, emotions, and charisma among others. Personalities work to build trust and respect among individuals that one gets involved with others. Other aspects including attitudes, cognitive differences, and emotions enable one to understand how to work with others towards the achievement of other goals (Hawkins, 2011). Courage is a characteristic of leaders enabling them to be different from the norm, establish appropriate changes, and provide for new opportunities (Fisher, 2000). Together with morals, courage enhances the ability of an effective leader to tackle new life challenges without hurting them in any way in driving a particular agenda for the development of an organization. There are five sources of power, which every leader should possess, in order to provide effective leadership. Such include expert power involving a significant domain of knowledge and skills, positional power, as is the case of an organizational CEO, reward power, which works as an influence on the followers of a particular leader. Others include coercive power, the power required to effect discipline among the followers, and personal power that enables a leader to effect personal feeling towards the performance of an individual (Wu,

Encounter with God Essay Example for Free

Encounter with God Essay As I recall a moment in my life which I had experienced a liberating and transforming encounter with God, the first thing that came into my mind was my first confession to the priest back when I was in our first year recollection. I can still remember how nervous I am that time because I didn’t really know what to do inside the confession room. But then, before I entered the room, I gave myself a time to just relax and think conscientiously all the sins I have made against God, family, friends and my neighbors. That time, I felt so relieved of the fact that I have realized that I was once wrong. When it was my turn to go inside, the feeling of nervousness lowered down. It’s as if I have accepted and opened myself to what reality with God is – and that’s the act of confession. While confessing my sins to the priest, it seems like I am having my most honest conversation with Him. I can really tell that it was exactly the real me who’s talking to God. With that encounter, I was enlightened that God have transformed me to be the real me. I felt liberated from the barriers that tried to hide the essence of my existence. After that loving encounter with God, I have fully accepted what I really am – a thinking being capable of caring and hurting, but had always acknowledged change. I promised to Him not to do the same mistake twice – and be open to whatever life brings. That was the time when my view of life became clearer, that in however way God shows life to me, it’s always for my own good and for a significant reason and purpose. I can’t say now if I have really fulfilled my promises to Him, but one thing is for sure that I have always been carrying out all His goodness to me.

Knighthood and Courtly Love in the Time of King Arthur Essay -- essays

Chivalry was considered to be the code of behavior expected of a knight. It was the conduct, ideas, and ideals of the knightly class of the Middle Ages. It became standardized and referred to as chivalry, a term derived from the French word chevalier, meaning knight. The code urged the knight to be brave, courageous, honorable, true to his word, and loyal to his feudal overlord, and to defend his Church. A knight was truthful, honest, capable, educated, physically fit, noble, sincere, and subservient to the king. A serious violation of these vows could result in a knight being classed as an undignified knight, which was the ultimate insult because of all the hard work that was put into becoming a knight. It made it seem as if all of work was done for nothing. The knights of the middle ages were known for their dedication and devotion in carrying out their duties. Once a knight was given a task of some sort, they were known for unwillingness to quit until the job was done. Most knights were willing to devote their entire lives to the job at hand. Most all knights had a quest in life, and they showed an obsession to accomplish their quest. The quest may be self thought of, or obtained from someone else, but either way the knight took honor and pride in being able to accomplish the quest. In â€Å"Arthurian Romances,† by Chrà ©tien de Troyes, all knights had a duty to protect their country. When a knight approached a situation, he did not attack the other party until he had warned them. His place in the feudalist system involved other workers, known as vassals, to do his bidding. They suited him up in his armor and readied his horse and weapons. Knighthood was only developed for the man because women are only seen as maidservants. Authority felt that a woman could not possess all the qualities of a knight, so they were put to work as maids. The only women who had high ranks in the feudalist system were those who were married to the noble ranks In â€Å"The Story of the Grail,† de Troyes looks at knighthood from the naive perspective of a young boy, Perceval, who had a dream of becoming a knight. In his own way, he became one. He learned the techniques and attitudes of a knight that greatly influenced his performance. Perceval wanted to obtain all the qualities of a good knight, also ... ...ry because of how he allowed a love for this unfeasible woman to blind him. The queen was so nasty to Lancelot, yet he took it and dealt with it assuming that his love for her was reciprocal. Chrà ©tien de Troyes and Marie de France both had unique ways of showing what knighthood and courtly love were about. De Troyes was a little harder on courtly love than de France had been, but both had specific ideals that they wanted to be brought to the pages in order to teach others about chivalry. All in all, the love that was portrayed between Guigemar and the queen was one that seemed to be full of hope and joy. The love de Troyes portrayed between Lancelot and Guinevere was a love that seemed to not even exist except in Lancelot’s mind. Courtly love was an important aspect in the time of knighthood and chivalry. Courtly love made all the battles and heartaches seem worth it in the end, as long as it worked out for the two lovers it included. Works Cited de Troyes, Chretien. "The Story of the Grail." Arthurian Romances. Ed. William W. Kibler. London: Penguin Books, 1991. 381-494. de France, Marie. â€Å"Guigemar.† The Lais of Marie de France. 30-59.

The Deaf Identitiy

The Deaf Identity Ones sense of self, or perception of one’s self, is put together throughout the childhood years; relating to any number of characteristics. These could be gender identity, racial identity, involvement in academics, involvement in sports, and many others. These are some of the key parts to building one’s identity, or the understanding of one’s unique characteristics and how they have been, are, and will be manifested across ages, situations, and social roles.But what happens when a part of your identity is associated with your ability to hear or not. How does one establish a healthy identity of themselves when most the views of hard-of-hearing or deafness is negative? One study conducted in South Africa concluded that the deaf identity is not a static concept; but that it is a complex ongoing quest for belonging, bound up with the acceptance of being deaf and â€Å"finding one’s voice† in a hearing dominate society (McIlroy & Storbe ck, 2011).This concept correlates more with James Marcia’s Theory of Identity Achievement over Erik Erikson’s fifth stage of psychosocial development based on the fact that sometimes the Deaf identity does not develop until post-adolescence, even in children who were born deaf. Marcia’s theory acknowledges that sometimes the quest for one’s identity can span one’s lifetime, therefore also breaking Erikson’s rigid rules of the identity developing in adolescence.When the Deaf identity has been developed it too has a range of meaning for those involved in the process. In the South Africa study, it was founded that there are four static identities; deaf, Deaf, negative/ambiguous, and bicultural Deaf. These identities are formed through a myriad of experiences. Whether the child was born to a hearing family, born to a Deaf family, went to school in a mainstream hearing school, or attended a Deaf school, and the person’s personal preferred method of communication.Many Deaf children of Deaf families are born into a household of signing and of knowledge of the Deaf culture; this person most likely will assume the Deaf Identity. This person will experience the least amount of crisis when it comes to identity. But being a Deaf child of a Deaf adult is such a low occurrence that coming to this identity is not that easy. There are three general factors, for deaf children, which directly link to their identity; the attitudes of the parents, the mode of communication which aides in the social interaction with family and later ith peers, and the child’s linguistic competence (Kossewska, 2008). The first few years of a child’s life are the most critical for development and begin to reinforce the general factors that impact their identity. A deaf child born to hearing parents may struggle with language and literacy development most of their life. If their parents choose to enroll their child in a mainstream school and stress oralism, then the child will have a more negative view of their deafness due to the struggles they go through to obtain spoken language.This may lead to a ‘negative/ambiguous’ or ‘deaf’ identity because the person does not truly identify with their deafness as a part of who they are. Another deaf child born to hearing parents could end up in a deaf school, where the child will learn a signed language and maybe the family will take classes as well. With a child who is not struggling to obtain language and letting their life happen as it happens, is more likely to accept their deafness as a part of who they are and develop a ‘bicultural Deaf’ or a ‘Deaf’ identity, depending on how influential the hearing family is.And a child born into a Deaf family with proud Deaf identities will likely go to a Deaf school and develop the same Deaf identity as their family. A study done in Poland with 67 deaf adolescents and 93 hearing ch ildren were asked â€Å"Who Am I? † to investigate the factors influencing the deaf identity in adolescence. While â€Å"it was found that deaf adolescents used more descriptions especially in the following categories: Civil Status, Body and Physical Appearance, Taste and Activities, Friendship and Relationships, Personal and Social Situations, Negative Personal Traits, and Neutral Personality Traits.Deaf adolescents use as many abstract concepts to describe themselves as the hearing do, but they use more negative personal traits† (Kossewska, 2008). Why is it that the Deaf children are harder on themselves than the hearing? Is this a blatant clue that society as a whole looks down on this group of people and even the children can feel it? Children have been known to feel anger and resentment towards their hearing parents for forcing oralism upon them when there was a world of people just like them out there.A strong sense of heritage and feeling of belonging can develo p when children are a part of a community they can identify with. Sadly this doesn’t always happen in the earlier stages of life. This is also where one may go through an identity crisis and shift from ‘deaf’ to ‘Deaf’ or ‘bicultural. ’ â€Å"In discussing how bicultural identities may be understood, Ladd defines Deafhood as a process of claiming one’s Deaf identity with dignity† (McIlroy & Storbeck, 2011). In the South Africa study, all of the participants were 23 years of age and older; the oldest being 55 years old.In the study, all those who were born to hearing families, attended mainstream schools, but learned SASL (South African Sign Language) identified themselves deaf, but not until later in life. Those who never learned SASL, or any other signed language, never identified themselves with their deafness and had a negative/ ambiguous identity. Lastly, those born Deaf to Deaf families identified as Deaf. Not one part icipant in this study identified them self as Bicultural, but that is not to say it doesn’t exist. The establishment of the Deaf Identity is a tricky and sometimes rocky path for the majority of children who identify as deaf.They have so many hurdles to overcome in their journey to establishing their own identity that is one with who they are. From family life, to socialization, to academics, to identifying with their hearing loss or not, these people work hard and might experience more identity crises than average hearing person. But once they have established that identity there is no doubt that it has something to do with their hearing status. It would be a better world to spread the word about the Deaf Community to help the future to identify with their Deafness.

Representation of Women in Action Movies

If a man can fight, he’s a hero. If a woman can fight, she’s a b**ch! Representation of women in action films The film industry never seems to lack action films and there always plenty for the market to choose from however how many of those have women in a leading role? A handful. There aren’t that many films that feature women in lead roles within action films. But the question is why? Why haven’t a majority of these women been given a chance? Are actresses like Uma Thurman and Angelina Jolie one-woman-wonders or have they just been given a lucky break?I’ll be exploring the representation of women in action films through a semiotic analysis. David Gauntlett argues that â€Å"in contemporary society, gender roles are more complex and the media reflects this. The female roles today are often glamorous as well as successful in a way that they were previously not. Much of this is due to the rise of ‘girl power’ in the media, through ident ities constructed by music artists and contemporary actresses, for example, who are demanding less passive roles† which explains how films like Charlie’s Angels have made it to the forefront.Unfortunately, women have repeatedly suffered from a narrow set of representations in the media. They are regularly linked to the domestic situation i. e. housewives, or as sexual objects represented to entertain men. Furthermore, â€Å"the number of roles for leading women is far below that of men. † Charlie’s Angels: Full Throttle is the film I’ve chosen explore and there several reasons behind this. I’ve chosen this text because it portrays women within dominant roles. Furthermore, the concept behind it breaks the pre-existing norm of women being the sexual object that entertains the male hero/spy.This isn’t the case in this film, they’re heroes fighting crime and saving the day. Not only are they stunning and beautiful but they also poss ess skills that crush and challenge existing stereotypes about women which is exactly why I chose this film. Charlie’s Angels: Full Throttle is an action comedy film that was released on the 27 June 2003. The film was directed by McG and produced on a budget of $120 million. It was the sequel to the 2000’s Charlie’s Angels and it was number one at the box office for its opening weekend and produced a worldwide gross of $259. 2 million. The film was a success.It stars an ensemble cast including Cameron Diaz, Drew Barrymore and Lucy Liu. It also features notable actors and actresses such as Demi Moore, Shia LaBeouf and Matt LeBlanc. Diaz, Barrymore and Liu or the â€Å"Angels†, are three extremely talented, strong, sexy women who work as private investigators for unseen millionaire named Charlie. Prior to this film, they had starred in more passive roles in the romantic comedy genre. In most action films, â€Å"men were more likely to be adventurous, activ e and vicarious, whereas women were more frequently shown as weak, ineffectual, victimised, supportive, laughable or ‘merely token females† (Gunter, 1995).A film such as this allowed their fans to view them in a more dominant, powerful light. This immediately challenges the pre-existing stereotype of women because they are illustrated as superior to their male counterpart. The angels are independent women who aren’t tied down or held back by men. On-the-other-hand, the fact that they work for a male, wealthy character who controls their every move is ironic because in reality, many women are in similar situations and living in a patriarchal society. The opening scene of the film is a brilliant example of the female representation shown throughout the plot.It’s set in a filthy, hostile bar in the Himalayas in Mongolia. The bar is packed with lots of men drinking and jeering. The use of an establishing long shot works well to familiarise the audience with the initial setting and atmosphere. I believe the director did this in order to show the contrast between all of the men and the Angels. A dolly shot is used to track two men carrying a box so the audience become intrigued to learn the contents as they descend into the basement. To the surprise of the audience, Alex Munday (Lucy Liu) was inside the box; contortioned and tucked away.A high angle shot is used and the camera tilts in order to display the actresses’ flexibility. As she rises out of the box the camera zooms into a close up of Liu as she does a symbolic swipe of her long, dark hair; an iconic move for any female superpower. She’s dressed in a black leather ensemble which connotes mystery and obscurity. Perhaps out of the three angels, Liu is the dark horse. As she stands against the wall, a medium shot is used cleverly because not only can we see Liu against the wall but we can also see the hostage and his capturers in the room behind the actress.The connotatio n is accurate as she then saves the hostage by taking out the guards with some impressive combat. Her character is almost portrayed to be a female equivalent to Jet Li; she appears to be unstoppable and fierce. As she drags the hostage up the stairs, the lighting changes dramatically. The basement was very dark and low-key lighting was used which made the action stealthy and hostile. Whereas, the lighting used in the bar is high-key; very bright and there are few shadows.This is symbolic because it’s as if Alex has taken the hostage from hell (dark, unpleasant) and to heaven (bright, hope) which is essentially the purpose of an angel both contexts. Meanwhile upstairs, the atmosphere is volatile as a new character emerges dressed in a red, sleek kimono. Her costume connotes love, passion and warmth however in this scenario it connotes danger, sin and aggression. This is the 2nd angel; Dylan Saunders. The camera tilts over her shoulder and shows the male opponent smirking at he r and then it pans around the table to eventually show her face.As she throws back a shot of alcohol, she comes across as the bad angel, the bad girl of the trio. The use of red with Dylan in this scene is symbolic because it displays a wide contrast between her and Alex. She’s more masculine in her body language but the director has tried to mask this behind the sexy outfit and red lipstick. As she walks away she clasps one of the guards by the waist, grabs his keys and tucks them away subtly. The focus then turns to the doors of the bar and the audience anticipates the worst. As the doors fling open, a medium shot shows a tanned, petite and blonde angelic woman.This is the third and final angel, Natalie Cook. She’s dressed in a white, fluffy coat and a revealing white mini skirt. This connotes purity, happiness and honesty which would be fitting for a normal angel. However, Natalie is no ordinary angel. As she stands at the door, she looks lost and dazed and a close- up of her face supports this further. As the men stare at her beauty in awe, she jeers at them and they erupt with excitement. The men are so amazed they form a guard of honour for Natalie as she walks over to the mechanical bull.Whereas, when Dylan wanted to move through the men they simply didn’t move and didn’t even know she was there. The use of white dumbs the men and amplifies Natalie’s angelic nature. Furthermore, her body language also plays a part in stunning the men. She giggles excessively and winks at a few of the men. Also, Diaz flicks her pigtails every two seconds and is also chewing gum. She hardly challenges the existing stereotype of blonde women but adds fuel to the fire. This is supported further by the fact that her skirt is so short, the audience can see clearly underneath it.Perhaps Natalie is the ‘bimbo’ of the group. The director has clearly added to the stereotype of blonde’s being stupid through Natalie’s cha racter however this could be challenged throughout the plot. I believe this opening scene and in fact the entire plot supports Mulvey’s Male Gaze theory. It states that â€Å"media texts are created through the eyes of a heterosexual male and that women are viewed for the pleasure of men. † (Smith, 2009) She also claimed that â€Å"women are turned into sex objects through how they are shot in the media (Cinematography). (Smith, 2009) Charlie’s Angels: Full Throttle demonstrates this. The plot should challenge the norm and allow women to break free however the body language and costumes used throughout diverges the male audience from the plot and to the women being sexualised. In a review by the BBC, Nev Pierce argued â€Å"some call it girl power, others demeaning. † Furthermore, â€Å"When female protagonists, for example, have to function as law enforcers and confront criminal behaviour – both associated with male authority and action – gendered conflict inevitably follows. † (Hall, 1997, p. 364)However, this film could mislead women into thinking they have to become successful and independent by wearing tight, revealing clothes and caking up their faces with make-up but of course this isn’t true. â€Å"It really makes me more and more angry. The aim is to rake in money, loads of money and people try to do that by all means of all these things – sex, beautiful people, wealth and you always have people who fall for it. † (Ang, 1997, p. 347) This opening scene shows three very different women with different talents however what they all have in common is their characters have been onstructed to appeal to different types of men but collectively appeal to all men. Although this action film had 3 women in lead roles, it failed to truly challenge the existing stereotypes of women having to be objects and requiring sex appeal to become successful. In reality, â€Å"a woman cannot be herself in the society of the present day, which is an exclusively masculine society, with laws framed by men and with a judicial system that judges feminine conduct from a masculine point of view. † References Websites Charlie’s Angels: Full Throttle blog (non-official) http://c-angels. blogspot. co. uk/ Pierce, Nev. (2003). BBC film review. http://www. bbc. co. uk/films/2003/06/27/charlies_angels_full_throttle_2003_review. shtml Smith, Mr (2009). Representation Theory – http://www. slideshare. net/fleckneymike/representation-theory-2458490 Smcmediastudies, (2011). The Representation of Women in the Media http://www. slideshare. net/smcmediastudies/the-representation-of-women-in-the-media Books Ang, Ien. (2006). Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices, in association with Sage. Ang, I. (1985) Watching Dallas: soap opera and the melodramatic imagination, New York, Methuen. Ibsen, Henrik (1917). Ibsen’s Workshop.

Ethical Culture Analysis Essay Essay Example

Ethical Culture Analysis Essay Essay Example Ethical Culture Analysis Essay Essay Ethical Culture Analysis Essay Essay Ethics Essay Introduction In business, ethics is the level of degree to which an organization operates in a way that gets deemed as right by both the internal and external business (Clements, 2010). Therefore, an ethical, cultural analysis is the evaluation of whether a firm is operating within its ethical obligations or not. A firm is expected to operate in a way both the employees, clients government and the general public will feel satisfied. In that line, the extent to which an organization practices its ethical requirement is not only limited to its internal employees and clients but the general public. There is a relation between a business and members of the public who are not their clients. For instance, when a firm acts in an unethical way by emitting poisonous gasses, the effect of that gas will be felt by both the firms customers and non-customers. Business is directly linked to its clients or indirectly connected to non-clients. The more an organization venture into broader operations, the more it s ethical boundaries expand. Ethics defines the organizations customer base and employee turnover (Liao, 2010). A good number of workers will be willing to work for an organization that is ethical compared to that which is not. Similarly, an ethical firm will have a wider customer base compared to that which is not. The external environment plays a significant role in defining an organization;s ethics; a firm is an open entity that relates to the external world (Clements, 2010). It implies that a company interacts with various objects as it tries to meet its operations; a firm will buy raw materials from the external parties as well as sell their final products and services to the same entities.; For a firm to be successful, there is need to develop a peaceful symbiotic relationship with both is employees and external entities ((Johnson, 2016). A good relationship will facilitate a smooth flow and interaction of factors of production thus boosting return. Types Of Business Environment On the boundaries grounds, various settings are either affected directly or indirectly by the firms operations. To begin with, there is an internal environment that promotes the organizational ethical culture. However, as much as the internal environment promote the ethical business culture, they also directly get affected by its ethics (Clements, 2010). The internal environment is made up of individuals who work in that organization and the management. The organization has a greater influence to its internal environment. A business efficiently controls what happens within its jurisdiction. This situation represents that body that is under the management control; employees are governed and monitored by policies that are drafted by top management. The workers have a mandate to adhere to the policies requirements. The workers body are ambassadors of the organization to the external environment (Johnson, 2016). They create the image of the company thus there is the need for them to have an outstanding ethical culture. They are the face of the organization to the rest of the world. When an employee has unethical attributes, he will create a negative image of the institution. For instance, an employee who is arrogant or mishandles the clients is termed as unethical. In such a case, the customer will develop a negative attitude towards the organization. Immoral attributes of the employees will lead to a reduction in customer base thus leading to poor performance. On the other side, there is an external environment that the business has minimal or no control over it completely. The external environment includes the government policies, demography, economy, and competitive environment. The ethical aspect in this context is set by the government. The government puts policies in place to govern how business is conducted within the external environment. Some organizations and firms do not adhere to ethical requirements. For instance, some companies make a false advertisem ent, overprice their commodities and sell goods and services that do not meet legal standards. In such a case, the government has a legal constraint that shapes the ethics of such businesses. Firms that fail to adhere the legal restrictions faces legal measures. Government involvement in business helped create ethical entrepreneurial culture within some organizations. Ethical culture is a paramount attribute in any organization that is willing to thrive and expands its operations. Ethical Culture Analysis For PricewaterhouseCoopers Background information In this paper, I will defend the ethical culture of PricewaterhouseCoopers categorically. The firm is well known as PWC. In 1988, a merger between the Coopers Lybrand and Price waters company firm led to the formation of PWC. The two companies assumed one brand name and operated as a single entity. PWC is headquartered in the London United Kingdom. The company offers professional services the following services; auditing reports, consultation, tax advisory, actuarial, financial advisory and assurance. Among the four largest professional firms (KPMG, PWC, EY, and Deloitte), it is the second. PWC was ranked one of the worlds most prestigious accounting firm for seven consecutive years. By 2015 PWC had branches in 157 countries, 756 stations and over 223,000 employees. In their 2016 financial year, the firm had $35.9 billion revenue (www.pwc.com ). It is a global accounting company. Besides, it was ranked the fifth privately owned business in the United States by 2016. PWC is a corpora tion that has an extensive network across the globe. It is amazing how the firm successfully deployed human resources across the 157 countries. Besides, it is the company that has drawn more attention on how it managed to outdo most of its competitors who have been in the accounting industry for an extended period. The high number of personnel the organization has employed makes it an imperative firm in the labor industry. Many researchers have developed an interest in understanding how the business has been able to withstand operational challenges in foreign countries. The fact that the PWC got ranked as the top company to work for in North America is evident the firm has pleasing ethical culture. PWS has shown a stable, ethical culture. The firm has a huge customer base in the line of the professional advisory. Many prospective investors approach the company to source for professional advice on the type of business they intend to venture in. Besides, firms that have already ventured into business still seek professional guidance from PWC firm. Most of the firms seek professional advice from PWC so that they can reduce the excessive losses they make. PWC is branded as a savior company. Problem prevention For the last seven years, PricewaterhouseCoopers (PWC) has gained global recognition as the most reputable accounting firm. Corporate fraud is, therefore, the biggest risk or problem that affects the business. Such lack of integrity in the workplace may cause severe damage to the company, including lower profits and permanently bruising the companys reputation. It is in this light that in 2007, PwC carried out an Economic Crime Survey and developed techniques to avoid and manage fraud, thus reducing the risk of the impact of fraud in organizations as discussed below. Board and audit committee supervision (PricewaterhouseCoopers Economic Crime Survey, 2007).The board is in charge of supervising and controlling the financial reporting done by the management. Audit committees review the power that the management has on activities such as financial reporting. The two parties should ensure that there are anti-fraud programs in place and that there is no override of controls in financial reporting. They must also ensure that professionals adhere to the principles of accounting. They should also schedule meetings with both internal and external auditors to discuss the risk of fraud. Training and procedures (PricewaterhouseCoopers Economic Crime Survey, 2007). There must be an effective control policy that is put in place to help prevent fraud. Such guidelines must be well-documented so that employees understand them fully. Furthermore, upon being hired, it is important to train employees on the dangers of dishonest behavior such as disobeying policy, suspicious reporting, corruption, and conflict of interest. PwC has established standards which who wish to continue working for the company must meet. Screening upon employment (PricewaterhouseCoopers Economic Crime Survey, 2007). Statistically, about 71.4% of fraud in a company is traced back to its employees. It is therefore important to properly screen potential employees to establish their levels of integrity. Carrying out background checks, detailed checks and employing a specialist to investigate the databases of the potential employee all help in the screening process. Interior fraud controls (PricewaterhouseCoopers Economic Crime Survey, 2007). To prevent purchasing and payroll fraud, a company should file copies of tender invitations. Fraud in sales and inventory is averted by distinguishing responsibilities in sales, inventory, accounting and the processes of bank reconciliation. An independent party should conduct regular bank reconciliation of cash and cheque to avoid theft in this sector. Ethical Beliefs and Culture A strong ethical culture is paramount to any auditing firm that wishes to maintain high levels of integrity and a good reputation. PwC has chosen the values of excellence, teamwork, and leadership as the basis of a strong ethical culture in all its branches worldwide (www.pwc.com ). Excellence. The company is set to fulfill its promises to its clients, and to provide quality beyond the expected through innovation, learning, and agility (www.pwc.com ). It encourages innovation in that employees are encouraged to come up with creative yet practical means of solving problems. The company takes pride in the fact that it is the largest and most renowned auditing firm globally. Thus, it ensures to put in place only the well-developed ideas, and successfully at that. Learning is another booster to attaining excellence at PwC. The company provides a continuous means of broadening the employees scope of knowledge and skills to satisfy clients better. Agility means that the company is sensitive to change and is swift to deal with any issues that arise from it. This factor has enabled PwC as a business to survive and to stay ahead of its competitors (www.pwc.com ). Teamwork. PwC is built on long-lasting relationships with its staff and customers. Mutual respect and sharing strengthen these relationships (www.pwc.com ). It is crucial that the company maintains long-term relationships with its clients and employees to ensure both employee and client loyalty. To PwC, the end results rely on how the people element of the company treats each other. Respect entails appreciating other peoples opinions, groups, and cultures. This aspect is essential because the company is based in 157 countries, with employees of more than 35 languages. The firm also encourages its employees to share resources, skills, and opportunity (www.pwc.com ). It also shares knowledge with its customers, which has led to continuous success in its operations. Leadership. With both clients and employees. The elements of courage, vision, and integrity have enabled PwC to motivate its staff and its clients. Courage requires grabbing the opportunity and having a positive attitude towards the responsibility that comes with the initiative. Anyone, at any level, can be a leader. Leaders should be able to speak their minds, be seen and air their suggestions boldly. Employees are encouraged to be creative. However, it is important that they learn to be accountable for their actions (www.pwc.com ). Vision entails perceiving what is beyond the expected. One must recognize the bigger picture. The company encourages its staff not only to be courageous but also to set achievable goals. In other words, think big. The virtue of integrity involves being a person who can be trusted by others. A professional must be honorable. This attribute translates to the entire community at PwC. The business is built on honesty and transparency as well as being accountable for its actions. As an auditing firm, employees must adhere to independence as well as objectivity, which are core in the daily activities of the business (www.pwc.com ). Ethical Drivers As an auditing firm, PricewaterhouseCoopers has the following ethical drivers (Satava Richards, 2006): Self-interest (Protagoras, et.al). At PwC, it is firmly held that the society would be a much better place if each pursued their interests without breaching the rights of other people. The ultimate moral responsibility of a company towards its employees is to ensure that they improve their skills, gain experience and grow at a personal level. Individuals are encouraged to pursue their interests so long as there is no bias or conflict of interest with company goals. Utilitarian benefits. This involves seeking the common good, such that decisions are made based on what is best for the net society. This ethical driver suggests that whether the goals are short-term or visionary, so long as they result to the betterment of the welfare of the majority, they are implemented. It is important to weigh every decision to determine its pros and cons and to shun those decisions which bring about greater harm than good to the society. Personal virtues. Integrity and courage play a vital role in developing personal attributes. These characteristics are also necessary for the auditing business to succeed. It is important that individuals set standards that dictate how to relate with other people. Treat others as you would like them to treat you. It is the right of any human being to receive proper treatment. Religious values. This calls upon individuals to have the virtues of kindness, tolerance, integrity and honesty. Workers must be compassionate towards each other and to their clients. Reciprocation of these virtues leads to unity within the corporate firm. The religious construct is considered a golden rule that guides the auditing industry. Government requirements. As a firm that has spread out to 157 countries, it is key to its survival that PwC observes government rules and restrictions in each of its host countries. Such national laws may include those guiding the interaction of the company with its surrounding community and the responsibility of the company towards society. Most governments employ a rule-based approach in issuing such legislation. Here, social responsibility plays a significant role. Governments are keen to observe companies, especially international private firms, to determine the benefits that such businesses will bring about to the immediate society and the nation at large. Universal guidelines. There are globally acceptable rules that govern the activities and conduct of auditing firms. Such guidelines aim to do away with selfishness and self-interest that create undue tension among homogenous industries. These principles apply to the community as a whole. To realize the common good, these rules and policies must intertwine and work together. Personal rights. This entails the rights and freedoms that are entitled to humanity. They protect people against any form of inhumane or illegal action that may be carried out against them. Nowadays, the rights of stakeholders are becoming more and more recognized although they were not initially formally deemed essential. Economic efficiency. The goal of any business is to minimize costs and maximize profits. Revenues must be compared against costs so as to implement decisions that will ensure achievement of maximum levels of output. Economic efficiency is necessary for the auditing industry to prosper because misrepresented or biased financial reporting causes great harm to society as a whole. Distributive justice. This implies that management must be careful not to implement decisions or activities that harm even the minimum number of people in the community. It is crucial to consider the disadvantaged before any decision is arrived to, to avoid further inconveniencing them. In auditing, financial misrepresentation may cause irreparable harm to society whether immediately or eventually. Contributing liberty. This ethical driver speaks against selfishness. Individuals must be careful to avoid activities which impeach on other peoples freedoms and rights. A person must follow legislation that defines such rights. It is the duty of an auditor to ensure the protection of the interests of the society in line with their rights and freedoms. Ethical Issues There are four major ethical problems that accountants and auditors at PricewaterhouseCoopers are bound to experience, just like any other accounting firm (Lister, et.al). Management pressure. Many auditing and accounting firms face the burden of high expectations to perform well. Such high hopes create stress and tension among accountants and auditors, who are in charge of formatting financial statements and making financial reports (Lister, et.al). Due to pressure to succeed, management may pressure these professionals to alter their statements about profits and losses, assets, and liabilities of the firm. Ethical professionals will maintain accurate financial reports of the enterprise and not cave into management demands. However, some who fear for their jobs or accept bribes will change financial records and overstate the success of the company. In the short term, this may benefit the company. However, the Securities and Exchange Commission may finally find out about such fraud, leading to failure of the business (Lister, et.al). Accountants morality. The Financial Accounting Standards Board requires accountants to blow the whistle on any form of discrepancy they encounter while carrying out their duties. However, the results of such reporting are devastating. Upon the notification of a violation, the government is required to intervene and review the financial records of the firm. Furthermore, once the press gets to hear of such a scandal, the companys incompetence will be made public. The reputation of the company will go down the drain, leading to entrepreneurial suicide (Lister, et.al). Needless to say, many of the employees of the firm will be laid off. Moreover, the companys management including executive officers will be prosecuted and either fined heavily or jailed. The ramifications of greed (Lister, et.al). The finance industry involves making a lot of decisions concerning money. When the professionals in this field are greedy, they will find ways around rules and regulations that guide their activities so as to make extra cash. Greed is a total disregard of professional ethics. An accountant is urged to be competent enough not to let greed overpower their moral and professional values. The vice of greed is an enemy to the business, and an accountant should not let it interfere with financial reporting. An accountant who is more concerned about making more money for themselves at a cost to his/her company is self-centered and is a burden to his/her firm. Giving in to greed results to violating the principles of accounting, and the SEC will have to intervene (Lister, et.al). Failure to report some financial records. The management may ask the accountants or auditors not to report certain financial figures on the balance sheet. Such information may be one that lowers the reputation of the company either in the eyes of the shareholders or the public (Lister, et.al). Many professionals may not hesitate to follow these directives since omission does not necessarily mean altering figures on the balance sheet. However, such oversight goes against the principle of integrity. A competent professional must be able to represent all given information truthfully, whether positive or negative (Lister, et.al). They must remain vigilant for the sake of ethics. PWC social performance Every organization has to put priorities on both the strategic plans and operation risks that come along while dealing with the general public and other agencies. Besides, the top managers must figure out how to build a stronger relationship with their clients and external environment. Also, the firm must consider the cost of allocating their resources in corporate social responsibilities. PWC has a comprehensive program for corporate social responsibility and stakeholders engagement team (PricewaterhouseCoopers Economic Crime Survey, 2007). The program is purposely suited to meet the clients requirements and satisfaction. To begin with, PWC has a helped other forms set their development programs and assisted them in the implementation process. PWC helps their prospective clients implement different lines of strategy in their management team. They have assisted other firms in managing risks and helped them retain a brand image for an extended period (Johnson, 2016). PWC has worked wi th their clients in promoting social ethics in their organization through environmental, safety and community management programs. Also, the firm has a stakeholder engagement program; it is not only accountable to the investment community and shareholders but also the employees, consumers, material distributors, and regulators who have an impact on the companys image. In such a case, engaging the stakeholders has enabled the firm gain competitive advantage. Besides, the consultant team and project management team at PWC has been helping the host countries in initiating and evaluating national and international projects (Johnson 2016). Also, they help the host country in interpreting and analyzing the international policy requirements in establishing projects. Furthermore, the project management team has been in the forefront helping the investors and governments in host states in strategic environmental protection programs. It is clear that PWC is much concerned with the performance . PWC Diversity and Citizenship The PWC is a multinational corporation which has many branches all over the globe. In such a case, it has its sub-headquarters in the many countries where it has extended its operations. Besides, the firm has diversified its operation in a variety of accounting services. The top management has devolved few of their top managers in the foreign countries. Most of the directors and executive officers are from the host countries. The role of the devolved managers to foreign countries is to assist the host countrys employee in cultivating and promoting PWC ethical culture. The PWC firms in foreign countries have an obligation to follow the policies and rules stipulated by the host states. They operate within the law requirements of that particular state. PWC just like any other firms in the host country adhere to tax policy, wage policy, pricing policy and environmental policies among others. Besides, the firm has been I the forefront of promoting the culture and practices of the people o f the host country. In a way, the company assumes the activities of the host countries and get integrated into its social practices. However, the firm being an international professional business, it has to meet the international requirements of operation regardless of the host countries it is operating from (Liao, 2010). In such a case, the strategic team in PWC Company has been able to evaluate and set an ethical culture that is universally accepted. Conclusion and recommendation. From the above analysis, its evident that PWC is a successful multinational firm. The success of PWC is derived from its accommodating ethical culture, corporate social responsibility and dedicated staff, PWC is one of the companies that have been adhering to the policy obligations of the host countries that has enabled them to succeed in their operations. It is one of the firms that is of great interest to many researchers since it has been in a position to outdo their competitor who has been in the auditing profession for a long time. The firms strategy of preventing problem occurrence and solving disputes in its many branches in case of phenomena is quite remarkable. PWC is one of the firms that have that has successfully built a good relationship with the prospective clients and the general public. The good relation has enabled the firm to carry its operations smoothly thus leading to its success. Its outstanding ethical culture has resulted in the increase in some clients to the firm. I would like to work at PWC firm. PWC is one of the few organizations that offers an ample working environment to their employees. Employees feel how important they are to an organization when they constantly get consulted and incorporated in decision-making (Liao, 2010). PWC is a firm that guarantees and individual career development. I would recommend working with PWC to anyone who is willing to grow his career. However, as much successful PWC is, there is a need for them to diversify their business. I would recommend the company to venture into another line of production preferably a different industry like clothing or mining activities. In such a case, the company will expand their customer base and boost its corporate image. Besides, diversification enables the business to meets operational risk in a case where one industry is facing a downfall. References Clements, P. J. (2010). Business ethics today: A review of timeless principles that apply to the financial industry. Corporate Finance Review. Johnson, C. E. (2016). Organizational ethics: A practical approach. Sage Publications. Liao, W. C. (2010). The relationship between ethics training and employee satisfaction: A mediator of corporate responsibility practices. The Journal of Human Resource and Adult Learning. Lister, Jonathan, et.al. Ethical issues facing the accounting profession. Small business; accounting and book keeping. PricewaterhouseCoopers Economic Crime Survey (2007). Fraud prevention techniques- Some easy-to-implement fraud prevention techniques. Fraud A guide to its prevention, detection and investigation. PricewaterhouseCoopers. Our Core Values. Retrieved from www.pwc.com. Satava, D., Caldwell, C., Richards, L. (2006). Ethics and the auditing culture: rethinking the foundation of accounting and auditing. Journal of Business Ethics.

Indirect Quotations

Indirect Quotations Indirect Quotations Indirect Quotations By Maeve Maddox Colorful, striking direct quotations enliven a news story, but not everything an interview subject says is worth quoting in its entirety. An hour of note-taking might result in a lot of information, but little in the way of pithy remarks. It’s the writer’s job to distinguish between what’s worth quoting verbatim, and what would be better paraphrased. For example, you have interviewed numerous students and faculty about a university decision against arming teaching staff. Their comments are all very similar, so you decide not to quote them directly. Instead, you quote them indirectly: Students and faculty interviewed for this story said they were relieved by the decision. Certain alterations must be made when turning a direct quotation into reported speech. Verbs, pronouns, and time adverbials are changed: Direct quotation: â€Å"I plan to climb Mount McKinley tomorrow.† Indirect quotation: Jones said he planned to climb Mount McKinley the following day. Direct quotation: â€Å"At the moment I’m performing at the Citadel, but next week I’ll be joining the cast of Grease at the Odeon.† Indirect quotation: Jack Riprock said that at the time he was playing at the Citadel, but that the following week he would be joining the cast of Grease at the Odeon. Go becomes went, is becomes was, will becomes would, and so on. Now becomes then, today becomes that day, yesterday becomes the day before, etc. The personal pronoun I becomes he or she, us becomes them, etc. The transformed quotation is frequently phrased as a noun clause introduced by that: She said that she would never forget the day she almost died. Here are some verbs other than say that a writer can use to introduce an indirect quotation: add, admit, agree, announce, answer, argue, boast, claim, comment, complain, confirm, consider, deny, doubt, estimate, explain, fear, feel, insist, mention, observe, persuade, propose, remark, remember, repeat, reply, report, reveal, state, suggest, suppose, tell, think, understand, warn, ask, know, remember, see, decide, expect, guarantee, hope, promise, swear, threaten, advise, beg, prefer, recommend, request, describe, discover, discuss, forget, guess, imagine, learn, realize, wonder, command, forbid, instruct, invite. Note, the word that does not always have to be expressed: She said she would never forget the day she almost died. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:45 Synonyms for â€Å"Food†Round vs. AroundMankind vs. Humankind